A volcano is an eruption from the earth's crust. The crust is the Earth's hard outer layer. These eruptions happen when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma, which is found deep below the earth's surface, is thus a mixture of liquid rock, minerals, and dissolved gases. It is formed by the melting of earth's mantle. The mantle is the mostly-solid bulk of earth's interior. Usually, magma forms when rocks reach temperatures high enough to melt them.
Magma erupts through openings or vents in the earth's crust before flowing onto its surface as lava.
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